Saving and comprehensive utilization is an important direction of mining development in the future, and also an important requirement for the central government to promote green development.
At the sub forum of "green development of mining industry - conservation and efficient utilization of mineral resources" of China International Mining Conference 2017, Ju Jianhua, director of reserves Department of Ministry of land and resources, made a theme report on how to promote green development by strengthening conservation and efficient utilization of mineral resources.
Ju Jianhua, director of reserves Department of Ministry of land and resources, delivered a speech at the Forum
Good mining development is conducive to ecological construction
Ju Jianhua said that mining development has two characteristics: one is to disturb, destroy and transform the ecological environment; the other is to improve the ecological environment if done well, so it is a two-way development.
"In recent years, through the construction of green mines, many mining enterprises have made great contributions to the improvement of the ecological environment in the process of resource development." Ju Jianhua, for example, took the Zhundong coal mine in Shenhua Junggar as an example. In the process of mining development, the ecological environment restoration and ecological reconstruction were accelerated. In the process of mining development, the green area of the mining area increased from 12% in the original natural ecological state to 62% now. Therefore, mining development has a two-way and dual role. If it is done well, it is conducive to ecological construction and also promotes ecological construction.
Sand and stone building materials have become a highlight of the mining industry < br / > when it comes to the current situation of mineral resources development, Ju Jianhua thinks that the mining industry has a trend of stopping falling and stabilizing in the first half of this year. Before July this year, due to the improvement of the mineral product market, the growth rate of fixed asset investment has an obvious trend of stopping falling. In addition, with the promotion of the supply side structural reform and the appearance of the effect of de capacity, coal began to decrease in quantity and increase in price. From the end of last year to now, the overall situation of the coal market is still very good, and many coal enterprises now have a "spring" feeling.
Ju Jianhua said that driven by urbanization and infrastructure construction, the amount of mineral resources development of building materials and non-metallic materials, especially sand and stone building materials, was estimated to have reached more than 20 billion tons last year, becoming a big bright spot in the growth of mining industry. Now in the local can apply for the mining rights of sand and gravel, or need a lot of competitiveness.
Comprehensive utilization becomes a new growth pole for mining enterprises
Ju Jianhua believes that with the continuous progress of mining technology and equipment, the development and utilization level of China's mining industry is at a relatively high level. The recovery rate of crude oil remains at about 27%, ranking the highest level in the world; the recovery rate of iron ore remains at more than 80%, the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals such as lead, zinc, tin, antimony and tungsten exceeds 90%, and the recovery rate of copper, lead, zinc, gold, tin, manganese, phosphorus, graphite and fluorite is above 90% The recovery rate of iron ore is more than 75%. Of course, this has something to do with the current situation of our country's resources. When we make use of them, we should try our best to squeeze them out.
"Comprehensive utilization of mineral resources has become a new growth pole for mining enterprises." Ju Jianhua said that many mining enterprises may not survive without comprehensive utilization. At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of most important minerals in China is more than 70%, and the utilization of associated minerals has become a new profit growth point of mines. In the past three years, although the shrinkage of the mining market and the decline of the price of mineral products have affected the rise of the output value of comprehensive utilization of mining enterprises, this year, with the improvement of the mining market, the decline of the output value of comprehensive utilization has also narrowed, and the phenomenon of improvement has appeared.
"The utilization of tailings and solid waste is also accelerating, especially in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region. According to our preliminary statistics, by the end of 2016, there were more than 10000 existing tailings ponds in China, with a total of more than 20 billion tons. The increase of ecological construction has greatly promoted the reuse of resources in this area. " Ju Jianhua said.
"Fifteen characters" highlights top level design Ju Jianhua said that in the next step, saving and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources are mainly reflected in 15 words from the top-level design: to find out the basic state of resource utilization by investigating the situation; to establish standards to improve the standard system of mineral resources development and utilization; to promote technology to promote advanced and applicable technology; to strengthen supervision to control the source, process and pit; to allocate policies to use mines and land Finance and taxation, finance, credit and other policies.
It is necessary to establish an investigation and evaluation system for the development and utilization level of mineral resources. The main task is to dynamically investigate the current situation of mineral resources development and utilization, scientifically evaluate the level of mineral resources development and utilization, build incentive and restraint mechanism, build a joint governance mechanism of enterprise self-discipline, social supervision and government supervision, and establish the advanced and substandard list system. The survey contents include annual consumption, reserves, three rates, information of mineral products and tailings storage and utilization. According to the overall schedule, some pilot projects will be carried out this year, including 11 minerals, 7 provinces and three major oil and gas companies. The system will be fully implemented in 2019 and will be a normal system in the future.
Establish technical standard system. It includes the lowest index of "three rates" - the red line of resource utilization, the "leader" index - the encouraging line, and the total amount and intensity of development - the line of resource utilization.
We should strengthen the supervision of the development and utilization of mineral resources. The first is to strictly control the source, including mineral resources planning, construction project pressure approval, reserves report approval, development and utilization plan. Second, strictly control the process, including reserves dynamic supervision, development management, information publicity, etc. The third is to control the pit closure, including pit closure, comprehensive utilization of tailings and reuse of tailings pond land after reclamation.
Six policies support mining industry tomorrow Ju Jianhua introduced that to promote the conservation and comprehensive utilization of resources, we should establish and improve six aspects of incentive and restraint policies.
The first is the mining policy, which gives priority to the green mines and green mining development demonstration areas where the mining indicators and mining rights of total amount control minerals are in line with the national industrial policy. Not long ago, the guiding opinions on the development of green mines issued by the six departments put forward that the mines with good comprehensive utilization should give priority to the allocation of mining rights and give priority to support. For the places where quarrying and soil are taken, mineral resources should be integrated according to law and regulations to increase the amount of exploitable resources. We should rationally adjust the layout of mineral development, optimize the mining sequence of associated minerals, integrate the problems of continuous quarrying and soil collection, and implement the main responsibility of mine geological environment management.
Second, land use policy, giving land and resources saving and intensive model county (city) land use index reward. The land damage caused by coal mining subsidence can be included in the annual land change survey for change. Qualified areas can be included in the pilot project of linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land. In the land use planning, priority will be given to guarantee the reasonable demand for new construction land for new and expanded green mines, and for mining land, agreement will be adopted to transfer, lease or lease before transfer.
Third, financial policy. Special funds for geology and mineral resources, mine environment and land reclamation give priority to the conservation and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. We will encourage local governments to set up incentive funds to reward outstanding green mining enterprises. Encourage the research and development of green mine characteristic credit products, increase financial support in resource recycling and other aspects, and promote qualified mining enterprises to be listed on the domestic small and medium-sized board, growth enterprise board and main board, as well as to be listed on the "new third board" and regional equity market for financing.
Fourth, preferential tax policies. In terms of resource tax, resource tax shall be reduced for qualified filling mining and mines in depletion period, and a record management system shall be implemented. For the mineral resources mined by filling mining under buildings, railways and water bodies according to law, the resource tax shall be reduced by 50%. The resource tax will be reduced by 30% for the resources mined by the mine in the depletion period. Resource taxes on heavy oil, tertiary oil recovery, low abundance oil and gas fields and deep water oil and gas fields will be reduced by 40%, 30%, 20% and 30% respectively. This Law shall be formulated by all provinces for the reduction and exemption of mineral products extracted from low-grade ores, waste rocks, tailings, waste residue and waste gas that are encouraged to be used.
In terms of income tax, enterprises engaged in qualified environmental protection, energy and water saving projects can be exempted from or reduced from enterprise income tax. The income of an enterprise from the comprehensive utilization of resources and the production of products in line with the provisions of the national industrial policy can be reduced when calculating the taxable income. In terms of income tax, environmental protection, energy conservation and water saving, our country can exempt some income tax. At the same time, for enterprises' comprehensive utilization of resources, these contents and scope that conform to the national industrial policy can also be deducted when the income is approved. Enterprises' investment in purchasing special equipment for environmental protection, energy and water conservation, and safe production can be deducted according to a certain proportion of tax. Those who meet the requirements and are certified as high-tech enterprises may reduce the enterprise income tax at the rate of 15% according to law.
In terms of value-added tax, 70% of the tax will be refunded if shale oil is produced by oil shale; 100% of the tax will be refunded if coal-bed methane is used for power generation; 70% of the tax will be refunded if building sand aggregate is produced by coal gangue; alumina, active calcium silicate, porcelain insulator and calcined kaolin are produced by coal gangue, slime, stone coal and oil shale; and 70% of the tax will be refunded if coal gangue, slime and oil shale are used for power generation and heating The production of iron oxide, sodium hydroxide solution, calcium aluminate, tricalcium aluminate and Desulfurizer from alumina red mud and calcium carbide slag is subject to 50% tax rebate.
In terms of environmental protection tax, the environmental protection tax to be formally implemented on January 1 next year will temporarily exempt solid wastes such as coal gangue, tailings, hazardous wastes, smelting slag and fly ash from environmental protection tax if they meet the national and local environmental protection standards.
An environmental protection tax of 15 yuan per ton shall be levied on tailings stored or disposed of in facilities or places that do not meet the national and local environmental protection standards.
Fifth, technology policy. Promote the application of advanced technology. Since 2012, the Ministry of land and resources has released five batches of 272 technologies, exploring to link the application of advanced technologies with the development and utilization plan, mining right approval, and the investigation and evaluation of the development and utilization level of mineral resources, so as to strengthen the control role of technology catalogue. This year, the Ministry of land and resources is examining and approving the Sixth Batch of technology catalogues.
Sixth, credit policy. The information publicity system of mining right holders is the basis of this policy. If it is well done, mining right holders can enjoy many preferential policies supported by the government. If it is not well done, it will be included in the abnormal list or blacklist, which will have a negative impact on the future operation and development of enterprises. At present, the mining right information publicity system has been fully implemented, and the relevant disciplinary system is also being established. Mining enterprises should seriously apply for and fill in information, and earnestly fulfill their legal obligations.
